Sodium hydroxide is a chemical used in many everyday household and commercial applications. This chemical, which you may see referred to as caustic soda or lye, can lead to a range of harmful symptoms in those exposed. As we review the signs and symptoms of sodium hydroxide exposure, we encourage you to speak to a Houston explosion accident attorney if you or a loved one have been exposed to this dangerous chemical due to the negligent actions of someone else. You may be able to receive compensation for your losses, and an attorney can offer a free consultation to discuss the next steps to take.

What is Sodium Hydroxide, and Where is it Found?

Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive chemical commonly found in products such as household cleaners, drain openers, and industrial solvents. In manufacturing, it is widely used for its effectiveness in processing paper, textiles, and various chemical products. In small concentrations, sodium hydroxide is relatively safe when used appropriately, but higher concentrations can be dangerous.

Sodium hydroxide exposure is common in both homes and workplaces, especially in industries like manufacturing, food processing, and construction. Because this chemical is so widely used, exposure risks may arise from accidental spills, mishandling, or even from contaminated air in enclosed spaces.

Common Routes of Exposure

Understanding how exposure happens is important for recognizing symptoms early on. Sodium hydroxide exposure can occur through:

• Skin contact. Sodium hydroxide’s corrosive properties can cause burns or irritation on skin contact. Even brief contact with high concentrations can lead to severe damage.
• Inhalation. In environments with poor ventilation, inhaling sodium hydroxide particles or fumes can affect the respiratory system and even cause long-term damage to the lungs.
• Ingestion. Although uncommon, accidental ingestion of sodium hydroxide, often in the form of drain cleaners or cleaning agents, can cause severe damage to the gastrointestinal system.

Symptoms of Sodium Hydroxide Exposure

Exposure to sodium hydroxide can cause symptoms that range from mild irritation to serious, life-threatening conditions. These symptoms typically vary based on the level and duration of exposure, as well as the method of exposure (e.g., skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion). Below are some of the primary symptoms to be aware of:

1. Skin Exposure Symptoms

When sodium hydroxide comes into contact with skin, it can immediately cause harm:

• Burns and irritation. Even brief contact can cause skin irritation or chemical burns. Higher concentrations of sodium hydroxide can quickly eat through skin tissue, resulting in severe burns.
• Blisters and ulcers. Exposure can lead to blistering and, in severe cases, deep ulcers that take a long time to heal and may leave permanent scarring.
• Pain and itching. Some people may experience significant pain or intense itching, especially as the skin starts to heal from the burns.

2. Eye Exposure Symptoms

Sodium hydroxide exposure to the eyes can be particularly dangerous and may lead to permanent damage or blindness:

• Intense pain and burning. Even a small amount of sodium hydroxide can cause intense pain and a burning sensation in the eyes.
• Swelling and redness. Contact with sodium hydroxide may cause swelling, redness, and tearing as the eyes react to the chemical.
• Vision impairment or blindness. Prolonged exposure or failure to rinse the eyes immediately may result in long-term vision impairment or complete blindness.

3. Respiratory Exposure Symptoms

Inhaling sodium hydroxide can damage the respiratory system and may lead to symptoms such as:

• Coughing and throat irritation. Inhalation can cause an immediate cough, difficulty breathing, and an intense burning sensation in the throat.
• Difficulty breathing. For individuals exposed to higher concentrations, breathing may become painful, leading to shortness of breath or wheezing.
• Potential lung damage. Long-term or repeated exposure may lead to chronic lung conditions or chemical pneumonia.

4. Gastrointestinal Exposure Symptoms

If ingested, sodium hydroxide can cause serious damage to the gastrointestinal tract, often leading to severe and potentially life-threatening symptoms:

• Severe mouth and throat burns. Sodium hydroxide can burn the tissues in the mouth, throat, and esophagus, leading to intense pain and difficulty swallowing.
• Nausea and vomiting. The body may react by inducing vomiting, which unfortunately can worsen damage as the chemical travels back up the digestive tract.
• Internal bleeding and organ damage. In severe cases, ingestion can cause bleeding and irreversible damage to the stomach and intestines.

Long-Term Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Exposure

Beyond the immediate symptoms, sodium hydroxide exposure can also lead to long-term health effects. Individuals with severe burns may experience scarring and a loss of skin elasticity, which can impact movement if large areas are affected. Eye exposure may result in permanent vision loss or ongoing sensitivity to light.

Respiratory symptoms may also persist, especially if the person experienced significant inhalation exposure. Long-term lung issues, such as chronic bronchitis or other respiratory diseases, can develop and may require ongoing medical treatment. Those with gastrointestinal injuries may face a prolonged recovery, including surgeries to repair damage to the esophagus or stomach.

Sodium hydroxide exposure can cause serious, life-altering symptoms. The physical and emotional impact can be overwhelming, especially when exposure results from someone else’s negligence. If you or a loved one has suffered from sodium hydroxide exposure, you may be entitled to compensation. Contacting an experienced chemical exposure attorney can help you understand your options and begin the process of seeking justice for the harm you have endured.